Medical Uses For Rutin
Rutin is a natural bioflavonoid, listed in the US Pharmacopoeia
(USP), it is extracted from fruits of the Fava D'Anta tree
(Dimorphandra). These trees are native to the vast savanna areas in the
North-East of Brazil.
Bioflavonoids such as Quercetin, Rutin, and Hesperidin are vital in their ability to
increase the strength of the capillaries (blood vessels) and to regulate their
permeability. They are essential for the proper absorption and use of vitamin C; prevent
Vitamin C from being destroyed in the body by oxidation; beneficial in hypertension; helps
hemorrhages and ruptures in the capillaries and connective tissues and builds a protective
barrier against infections.
Flavonoids are a vast group of natural substances, but their pharmacological properties
have not all been explored. The term flavonoid is used at large to designate a series of
more than 4,000 molecules, which in fact can have very heterogenous molecular structures.
We have shown that some flavonoids are good inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide
phosphodiesterase (PDE). The most active PDE inhibitors among the flavonoids were also
good inhibitors of the aggregation of human platelets in vitro. This suggests that
flavonoids could serve as a template for the development of new anti-platelet drugs.
However, a direct extrapolation of our experimental results to possible therapeutical use
of flavonoid-containing medicinal plant extracts is not possible. The metabolic fate of
these plant flavonoids is poorly understood, and their absence of toxicity has not always
been clearly demonstrated. Flavonoids are also present in a regular diet in significant
amounts. The role of these dietary flavonoids in the prevention of th
rombotic diseases or atherosclerosis should also be investigated.
The superoxide anions scavenging activity and antioxidation of seven
flavonoids--quercetin, rutin, morin, acacetin, hispidulin, hesperidin, and naringin--were
studied...The scavenging activity ranked: rutin was the strongest, and quercetin and
naringin the second, while morin and hispidulin were very weak.
Flavonoids are benzo-gamma-pyrone derivatives of plant origin. They
possess wide spectrum of biological activity. From the therapeutical
point of view the most important are their antioxidant properties.
These are the result of high propensity to electron transfer, ferrous
ions chelating activity and direct scavenging of reactive oxygen
species. Flavonoids inhibit enormous number of enzymes. From the
pharmacological point of view inhibition of cyclooxygenase and
lipoxygenases as well as scavenging of superoxide anions seem to be
essential. Flavonoids are antiinflammatory agents as the result of
diminished formation of proinflammatory mediators (prostaglandins,
leukotrienes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide). They are also
antithrombotic owing to their ability to scavenge superoxide anions.
These anions are strong inhibitors of prostacyclin production. Removal
of superoxide anions by flavonoids facilitates antiaggregatory PGI2
formation. Superoxide anions generate proagregatory isoprostanes. The
antiaggregatory effect of flavonoids may be due to the limitation of
formation of isoprostanes. Empirical use of flavonoids as drugs
acquired recently scientific confirmation.
Radioprotective effects of tea infusions and plant flavonoids were investigated by
using the micronucleus test for anticlastogenic activity and the thiobarbituric acid assay
for antioxidative activity...These results suggest that plant flavonoids, which show
antioxidative potency in vitro, work as antioxidants in vivo and their radioprotective
effects may be attributed to their scavenging potency towards free radicals such as
hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, the flavonoids contained in tea, vegetables and fruits seem
to be important as antioxidants in the human diet.
The polyphenol antioxidants in foods and beverages are shown to be powerful in vitro
antioxidants. The polyphenols in foods and beverages enrich low density lipoproteins and
decrease their oxidizability ex vivo after spiking and in vivo after absorption of the
polyphenols following ingestion of beverages. These studies provide mechanisms to explain
the epidemiological study which shows that consumption of fruits, vegetables and beverages
reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
A high glucose concentration has been found to lead to the glycosylation of amino
groups of lysine residue in proteins. The addition of reducing agent not only prevents
this reaction but also reverses it. On the other hand, flavonoids which found in plant
sources have antioxidant properties. Since the glycosylation of protein is an oxidation
reaction, therefore, antioxidants should be able to prevent this reaction. In this study,
the best concentration and time to incubate glucose with hemoglobin was investigated. Then
the glycosylation degree of hemoglobin in the presence of flavonoids and their absence was
measured by means of a colorimetric method. Different concentration of flavonoids
(Quercetin, Rutin, Kaempferol) were used. The preventing effect on hemoglobin
glycosylation by the three concentrations; 0.5, 5, 10 micrograms/ml was estimated as
follows: for Rutin; 11%, 27%, 42%, Quercetin; 3%, 37%, 52%, Kaempferol; 10%, 12%, 15%
respectively. So, the in vivo effect should be investigated and then plants
that containing flavonoids can be utilized to prevent or treat complication of diabetes.
See also: Flavonoids
Rutin is a natural bioflavonoid, listed in the US Pharmacopoeia
(USP), it is extracted from fruits of the Fava D'Anta tree
(Dimorphandra). These trees are native to the vast savanna areas in the
North-East of Brazil.
Bioflavonoids such as Quercetin, Rutin, and Hesperidin are vital in their ability to
increase the strength of the capillaries (blood vessels) and to regulate their
permeability. They are essential for the proper absorption and use of vitamin C; prevent
Vitamin C from being destroyed in the body by oxidation; beneficial in hypertension; helps
hemorrhages and ruptures in the capillaries and connective tissues and builds a protective
barrier against infections.
Flavonoids are a vast group of natural substances, but their pharmacological properties
have not all been explored. The term flavonoid is used at large to designate a series of
more than 4,000 molecules, which in fact can have very heterogenous molecular structures.
We have shown that some flavonoids are good inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide
phosphodiesterase (PDE). The most active PDE inhibitors among the flavonoids were also
good inhibitors of the aggregation of human platelets in vitro. This suggests that
flavonoids could serve as a template for the development of new anti-platelet drugs.
However, a direct extrapolation of our experimental results to possible therapeutical use
of flavonoid-containing medicinal plant extracts is not possible. The metabolic fate of
these plant flavonoids is poorly understood, and their absence of toxicity has not always
been clearly demonstrated. Flavonoids are also present in a regular diet in significant
amounts. The role of these dietary flavonoids in the prevention of th
rombotic diseases or atherosclerosis should also be investigated.
The superoxide anions scavenging activity and antioxidation of seven
flavonoids--quercetin, rutin, morin, acacetin, hispidulin, hesperidin, and naringin--were
studied...The scavenging activity ranked: rutin was the strongest, and quercetin and
naringin the second, while morin and hispidulin were very weak.
Flavonoids are benzo-gamma-pyrone derivatives of plant origin. They
possess wide spectrum of biological activity. From the therapeutical
point of view the most important are their antioxidant properties.
These are the result of high propensity to electron transfer, ferrous
ions chelating activity and direct scavenging of reactive oxygen
species. Flavonoids inhibit enormous number of enzymes. From the
pharmacological point of view inhibition of cyclooxygenase and
lipoxygenases as well as scavenging of superoxide anions seem to be
essential. Flavonoids are antiinflammatory agents as the result of
diminished formation of proinflammatory mediators (prostaglandins,
leukotrienes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide). They are also
antithrombotic owing to their ability to scavenge superoxide anions.
These anions are strong inhibitors of prostacyclin production. Removal
of superoxide anions by flavonoids facilitates antiaggregatory PGI2
formation. Superoxide anions generate proagregatory isoprostanes. The
antiaggregatory effect of flavonoids may be due to the limitation of
formation of isoprostanes. Empirical use of flavonoids as drugs
acquired recently scientific confirmation.
Radioprotective effects of tea infusions and plant flavonoids were investigated by
using the micronucleus test for anticlastogenic activity and the thiobarbituric acid assay
for antioxidative activity...These results suggest that plant flavonoids, which show
antioxidative potency in vitro, work as antioxidants in vivo and their radioprotective
effects may be attributed to their scavenging potency towards free radicals such as
hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, the flavonoids contained in tea, vegetables and fruits seem
to be important as antioxidants in the human diet.
The polyphenol antioxidants in foods and beverages are shown to be powerful in vitro
antioxidants. The polyphenols in foods and beverages enrich low density lipoproteins and
decrease their oxidizability ex vivo after spiking and in vivo after absorption of the
polyphenols following ingestion of beverages. These studies provide mechanisms to explain
the epidemiological study which shows that consumption of fruits, vegetables and beverages
reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
A high glucose concentration has been found to lead to the glycosylation of amino
groups of lysine residue in proteins. The addition of reducing agent not only prevents
this reaction but also reverses it. On the other hand, flavonoids which found in plant
sources have antioxidant properties. Since the glycosylation of protein is an oxidation
reaction, therefore, antioxidants should be able to prevent this reaction. In this study,
the best concentration and time to incubate glucose with hemoglobin was investigated. Then
the glycosylation degree of hemoglobin in the presence of flavonoids and their absence was
measured by means of a colorimetric method. Different concentration of flavonoids
(Quercetin, Rutin, Kaempferol) were used. The preventing effect on hemoglobin
glycosylation by the three concentrations; 0.5, 5, 10 micrograms/ml was estimated as
follows: for Rutin; 11%, 27%, 42%, Quercetin; 3%, 37%, 52%, Kaempferol; 10%, 12%, 15%
respectively. So, the in vivo effect should be investigated and then plants
that containing flavonoids can be utilized to prevent or treat complication of diabetes.
See also: Flavonoids
- Anton R, Beretz A. Flavonoids: antithrombotic agents or
nutrients ? Bull Acad Natl Med 1990 Jun-Jul;174(6):709-14; discussion
714-7 - Chen YT, Zheng RL, Jia ZJ, Ju Y. Flavonoids as superoxide scavengers and antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 1990;9(1):19-21
- Robak J, Gryglewski RJ. Bioactivity of flavonoids. Pol J Pharmacol 1996 Nov-Dec;48(6) :555-64
- Shimoi
K, Masuda S, Shen B, Furugori M, Kinae N. Radioprotective effects of
antioxidative plant flavonoids in mice. Radioprotective effects of
antioxidative plant flavonoids in mice. - Vinson JA. Flavonoids in foods as in vitro and in vivo antioxidants. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998;439:151-64
- Asgary S. Naderi G. Et al. Anti-oxidant effect of flavonoids on hemoglobin glycosylation. Pharm Acta Helv 1999 Feb;73(5):223-6
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