Genetic Disorder Disease

Genetic Disorder Disease
Faulty genes or chromosomes are subjected to genetic disorder. There are a number of genetic disorders in human beings. Some diseases are very common, whereas few are rare. The causes of these diseases may be different. The scientists are pursuing for the solution with a single-minded devotion. Fortunately, much research has been done, yet thorough research is needful. Genetic Diseases are known as hereditary diseases that are caused by abnormalities in genes. Gene abnormal extension, deletion of genes, chromosomal aberrations, and mutation of genes are the mains causes of genetic disorders. In the human being, dominant genetic traits are expressive while recessive traits are latent.

Autosomal Dominant - These disorders are caused due to a single defective gene from one of the parents. This mutated gene comes from an autosome. They are also called as monogenic inheritance or Mendelian inheritance diseases. Some examples of autosomal dominant genetic diseases are achondroplasia, Marfan syndrome, hemochromatosis, Huntington's disease, etc.

Autosomal Recessive - Such inheritance pattern is marked due to two mutated alleles of the same gene and each mutated gene is called as a carrier. Some examples of autosomal recessive genetic disorders are achromatopsia, sickle-cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, acid-maltase deficiency.

Y-linked Genetic Diseases - Mutations in the genes on Y chromosomes can lead to Y-linked genetic disorders. They are also known as holandric inheritance. The Y chromosome cannot carry many genes as it is small. The Y-linked disorders are not so common due to the linkage of the small amount of genetic traits with Y chromosome. Only males suffer from this condition. These disorders are inherited from the father to the son. Male infertility is one of the examples of Y-linked genetic diseases.

X-linked Genetic Diseases - Genetic mutations on x-chromosome lead to the X-linked genetic disorders. In case of the father is suffering from the dominant X-linked disorder, there are least chances of suffering his sons from the same disease, while all his daughters are inherited the disorder. The examples of x-linked diseases are Rett's syndrome and Aicardi syndrome. If the male is suffering from the recessive X-linked, there are no chances of suffering his sons from that disorder, while his daughters will carry a single mutated gene. If the mother is suffering from the dominant X-linked or recessive x-linked disorder, then her offspring will surely suffer from that disorder. Color blindness and hemophilia are the common examples of X-linked recessive disorders.

Multifactorial Inheritance - It is also called as polygenetic inheritance. This is caused due to mutations in multiple genes. Environmental factors are also responsible for multifactorial inheritance disorders. Some examples are heart diseases, cancer, obesity, arthritis, diabetes, etc. In a nutshell, the genetic disorders are unavoidable and incurable. Hopefully, the further ongoing research like genetic engineering would sort out this riddle sooner or later.