Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome, abbreviated as FAS, is a condition that occurs to the fetus due to alcohol intake during pregnancy. There are significant problems that may affect the fetus; these may include mental retardation, learning issues, ocular issues, physical deformities and behavioral issues. The issues caused due to this syndrome may vary but unfortunately the defects caused by the condition cannot be reversed. Many women ask about safe amount of alcohol that can be consumed during pregnancy to avoid FAS. However, there is no such safe amount of alcohol that can have no influence on your fetus. If you consume even slightest amount of alcohol then your baby is at risk of developing the syndrome. If you doubt that your child may have this syndrome then consult your doctor immediately as it may help in reducing complications of the condition. 

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Causes of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Alcohol when consumed during pregnancy can cross the placenta and reach your developing fetus through your bloodstreams. Fetus cannot metabolize alcohol as fast as adults can do; this is why alcohol concentration of your baby is higher as compared with rest of your body. Alcohol can also hinder the delivery of oxygen to the baby. It can also affect the nutrition supply to your unborn child’s developing tissues as well as organs such as brain. The higher is your alcohol consumption during pregnancy the greater is the risk of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome affecting your child. There is no period during pregnancy when it is safe to consume alcohol; the risk is present throughout the pregnancy.  However, it is believed that facial features, bones, nervous system and other organ may get affected due to consuming alcohol during the first trimester. This is the phase wherein these parts of the fetus are under development. Hence, it is essential to give-up alcohol if you suspect that you are pregnant as during the first few weeks of first trimester most women are not even aware of the pregnancy. 

Symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Fetal alcohol syndrome does not include only one birth defect; in fact it refers to group of associated problems. It is the most serious condition amongst prenatal alcohol exposure related consequences. The range of disorders is collectively referred to as FASDs or Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Fetal alcohol syndrome is said to be a common cause of mental backwardness but it can be certainly prevented. The degree of mental severity may greatly vary with some children may have mild issues while others may have severe psychological problems. Some common symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome may include: 

• Unusual facial feature such as small eye, thinner upper lips, upturned nose, smooth skin between upper lips and nose etc


• Joint deformities, deformed fingers and limbs


• Delayed physical growth during pregnancy and after birth


• Ocular issues


• Hearing difficulties


• Small brain size called microcephaly


• Smaller circumference of head


• Improper coordination


• Delayed mental growth or retardation


• Learning disorder


• Heart defects

Some children with FAS may have distinct abnormal behavior. They may have shorter span of attention or may be hyperactive. Such children may be extremely nervous, have improper impulse control and may suffer from anxiety. The aforementioned issues associated with facial feature of FAS affected child may also occur in normal children. It needs expertise to distinguish normal facial features from that of a FAS affected child’s. Neurodevelopment disorder associated with alcohol is a term used to refer to mental impairment or behavioral anomalies which are often caused when fetus is exposed to alcohol. 

Experts cannot actually tell how much alcohol can be permitted for consumption during pregnancy without affecting your child. However, what they certainly know is, the more you drink the higher are the chances of your child becoming affected with the condition. In other words, even slightest consumption would make your child susceptible to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Doctors suggest ceasing use of alcohol if you suspect you are pregnant of even if you are attempting to become pregnant. If you are addicted to alcohol and you cannot stop drinking but wants your child to be safe, then consult a doctor immediately and seek medical help. 

Fetal alcohol syndrome diagnosis

Doctor cannot diagnose Fetal Alcohol Syndrome before your baby is delivered. However they can evaluate mother’s health and health of the fetus during pregnancy. By providing timing and quantity of alcohol consumption to an obstetrician or other doctors, you will enable them to detect the risk of FAS.  After pregnancy if you inform your doctor that you consumed alcohol during pregnancy, then the doctor can track the symptoms of the condition during initial months and years of your child’s life. There are certain areas on which the doctor will focus on to determine whether your child is affected with Fetal Alcohol syndrome; these are as follows: 

• Growth


• Facial development


• Heart


• Hearing ability


• Sight


• Language development


• Behavior


• Cognitive ability


• Motor skills 

If any anomalies are suspected the doctor may refer your child to genetic specialist to confirm whether your child is a Fetal Alcohol Syndrome victim. If one child is diagnosed positive with the condition, it is significant to also diagnose his/her siblings and check whether they are also affected with the condition. 

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Treatment

There is no treatment that can completely cure the syndrome. Physical deformities and mental issue often lasts for the lifetime. In case of heart related problems, surgery can be an option in some cases. However, other techniques can be adopted to reduce the daily living difficulties of your child. For example, learning problem can be reduced with help of special schools meant for such children. Counseling can help parents to care for their child and deal with its behavioral issues.  

It is better to prevent the condition from affecting your child then to struggle later. The only confirmed way to protect your child from Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is by giving up alcohol completely before pregnancy. It is better to quit alcohol during your child bearing years and particularly when you are planning to have a child. You should not relapse from your practice of avoiding alcohol during your pregnancy and when your child is breast feeding. Giving up alcohol completely before and during pregnancy can certainly prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Pictures

How Long Does Nicotine Stay in Your System ?

How Long Does Nicotine Stay in Your System ?

Bilirubin Levels – Normal, High, Low

Bilirubin Levels – Normal, High, Low
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What is bilirubin ?

Bilirubin is dark yellow substance found in bile. It is a waste product that is released when the liver breaks down old red blood cells. The liver recycles this substance and converts it into bile. When the bile mixes with some bacteria, it attains the dark yellow color and looks like clay. This is the color found in human feces. If a person has damaged liver or infected liver, bilirubin is not excreted by the liver and the excretion is done by the kidneys in the urine. 

When there is high level of bilirubin, it may indicate that red blood cells could be being destroyed too quickly or the liver has some problems. The high levels of the substance occur because a lot of it is being formed and insufficient amounts are being excreted. Premature babies who have a liver not strong enough to recycle the substance and eliminate it may suffer from a condition known as jaundice. 

A person with high levels of this substance appears to have symptoms of jaundice where the skin and eyes look yellow in color. It is important for bilirubin test to be performed to determine the levels of the substance in blood. This substance normally passes through the liver and is excreted out of the body in feces and in small amounts through the urine. 

Before bilirubin reaches the liver, it is termed as unconjugated or uncombined but when it eventually reaches the liver, it combines with some sugars and forms conjugated bilirubin, which is a water-soluble substance. The conjugated bilirubin gets out of the liver and heads to the colon where it is converted back to the unconjugated form as it is excreted from the body.

Bilirubin test

A bilirubin test is done to measure the amount of this substance in blood. In the bloodstream, this substance circulates in two forms namely unconjugated and conjugated. Indirect or unconjugated from is not water-soluble and it moves from the bloodstreams to the liver where it is changed into water-soluble form. 

Direct or conjugated form of bilirubin can readily dissolve in water and is derived from the indirect bilirubin in the liver. Total and direct bilirubin measurements are obtained directly from the blood sample but for indirect bilirubin, the levels are derived from the measurements of total and direct bilirubin.

 Normal bilirubin levels

The normal levels for bilirubin test range from 0.1 to 1 milligram per deciliter of total bilirubin. Total bilirubin is made up of direct and indirect form of the substance. The normal results of the test may also be indicated by readings that range from 0 to 0.3 milligrams per deciliter of direct bilirubin. However, these results can vary from one laboratory to another. The results may also differ slightly in children and women. Certain foods, medications, and strenuous exercises may also affect the results. 

Causes of high levels of bilirubin

Causes of high levels of this substance in blood may vary and include infections like cholecystitis and gallbladder. Conditions that affect the function of the liver in processing bilirubin may also cause elevated levels. For example, Gilbert’s syndrome is one of the inherited conditions, which may cause the levels to elevate. Diseases that cause liver damage like cirrhosis, hepatitis, and mononucleosis may also increase the level of bilirubin. This is because the liver is not able to excrete the substance from body as required. 

Blockage of bile ducts can occur due to conditions lie cancer of pancreas and gallstones causing the levels to increase. If there is rapid destruction of red blood cells, as happens in people with sickle cell disease and allergy conditions to blood transfusion, the levels of bilirubin may increase. Medications like antibiotics, birth control pills, and phenytoin may cause an increase in the level of the substance in blood. 

Low levels of bilirubin may be caused by medications such as vitamin C and Phenobarbital. Lower than normal ranges of bilirubin may not be a course for concern but elevated levels may indicate complications in the liver or liver damage. 

Why is a bilirubin test done?

There are different reasons why a bilirubin test may be performed and they include checking for liver function. The test may be performed to check for signs of liver disease such as cirrhosis and hepatitis. Effects of medicines on liver may also necessitate the test to be performed. The test may also be conducted to establish if there is something blocking bile ducts such as gallstones and tumors of the pancreas. 

Bilirubin test also helps diagnose conditions that cause destruction of red blood cells like hemolytic anemia. In babies, the test may help determine if babies with neonatal jaundice require treatment. Drug toxicity may also require bilirubin tests to be done to establish if the liver may have been affected. 

Bilirubin may be lowered by determining the cause. If a disease condition is causing the problem, you may need to work with a healthcare practitioner to help treat the underlying condition. Increased levels of bilirubin as a result of lifestyle changes may require adjusting your diet and adopting healthy feeding habits. You may need to avoid fried food and use less oil to cook your food. 

Liver Spots on Hands

Liver Spots on Hands
Liver spots are brownish, white, reddish, or even blackish anomalies on skin. They are also known as age spots, sun spots, senile lentigines, or lentigos. The colored skin patches usually develop on the exposed areas of the body like the hands, face, or other parts of the body. Liver spots on hands generally affect fair-skinned individuals and are mostly harmless.

Liver spots look like moles or freckles. However, they are flattened and larger than freckles. Liver spots on hands and elsewhere are most likely to increase in number with an increase in age. Even though liver spots are not serious, patients need to seek medical attention when such spots change color, shape, or size.

There are many home remedies and medical treatments which can help remove liver spots.

Causes of liver spots on hands

Some of the causes of liver spots on hands and other parts of the body are listed below:

• An increased age: Older individuals are most prone to developing liver spots, particularly on the face. It may be noted that the growth of skin cells tends to slow down after the age of forty years. Hence, the skin abnormality is most prominent in the elderly. Younger people also develop liver spots on hands and elsewhere. However, their skin tends to regenerate at a faster pace which eventually makes the spots fade away with time.


• Excessive pigmentation:The skin protects itself from the harmful UV rays of the sun by producing melanin. Excessive exposure to natural sunlight or artificial UV rays causes overproduction of melanin which eventually leads to development of liver spots. People who spend a lot of time in the outdoors often develop liver spots on exposed parts of skin like the hands, face, shoulders, neck, etc.


• Skin cancer: Liver spots on hands and other body parts can also be a symptom of a dangerous skin cancer known as melanoma. Hence, if there is any change in the shape, size, or color of the abnormal spots, then patients must immediately consult a doctor.

Treatment of liver spots on hands

Liver spots on hands are harmless and usually tend to fade away on their own. You may however follow the below listed treatment options to clear the unsightly spots:

• Patients may use varied types of bleaches to lighten the darkened patches on skin. It is recommended to consult a dermatologist and get information about the best bleaching creams.


• Patients can also prevent the development of liver spots on hands by avoiding direct contact with the sun in the time between 10 AM to 4 PM, when it is at its most intense. If you have be outdoors then ensure that the skin is properly protected by applying ample sunscreen and limiting the area of exposed skin.


• Surgical methods like cryotherapy and laser therapy can also aid in the removal of liver spots.

Natural remedies for liver spots on hands include:

• Application of natural Aloe Vera or Aloe Vera gel on the affected skin areas


• Use of apple cider vinegar, a mixture of vinegar and olive oil, the fleshy part of cold green papaya, and daily castor oil massages are also helpful.

Itchy Legs

Itchy Legs
Itchy legs can be an irritating condition. There can be different reasons which may lead to itchy legs. The condition may also be embarrassing as it may make you scratch your leg in public. It is important to find out what is causing such itchiness in your skin. Understanding the cause will help you determine how you can treat the issues. Itchy leg however is not always a matter of concern. In some cases it may indicate any underlying physical problem. Common region of leg where you may have itch includes thigh, ankles, calf, inner thigh just below your pelvic floor, etc. But certainly you may feel itchiness at any part of the leg. 

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Itchy Legs – Causes

In most situations itchy legs does not really have any underlying cause or even visual symptoms. Most people may look for rashes or blisters but these may not be present. However, itchiness of legs may still lead to discomfort in the affected person. Sometimes persistent itching may affect your sleep and wake you during nights. It is significant to understand the condition and differentiate it from other possible issues which are often related with discomfort or irritation of skin. In some cases itchiness related to leg may also be accompanied with mild pain. Such pain may not be present with the itch but may get unintentionally induced due to rigorous scratching. Sometimes neurological conditions are associated with pain and itchiness. There are various causes which are commonly held responsible for itchy legs; some of these are explained below. 

•          Improper hygiene

Itchiness is often caused due to improper hygiene. Unhygienic state of body skin, including leg skin, may accumulate oil, sweat, dirt etc. This adds up to cause irritation as well as itchiness. In contrary to this even excessive cleaning may cause itchiness as your skin may tend to become drier. Sometimes wearing unwashed cloths may also serve to be a cause. 

•         Keratosis Pilaris

Keratosis Pilaris is a condition wherein the hair follicles all over the leg may become thicker; this causes itchiness. This condition may not be restricted to just leg but also other body regions. The condition can occur on the arm, torso etc. If you suspect that you are affected with this condition then you should strictly avoid heat and friction. 

•         Folliculitis

This is an ailment wherein the hair follicles become infected. The condition is associated with some symptoms which may include reddish bumps on the legs which usually have white centers. This may appear as conventional acne. Folliculitis is often seen on upper torso, thigh, and face. 

• Jock Itch

Jock itch is often caused due to fungal infection. The condition is influential in the grain region. Some times the condition may also spread or affects the inner thigh as well as buttock. This disorder is common in those who sweat more than normal individuals, for example athletes. 

These are some apparent reasons behind the affliction of itchy sensation in legs. However, there are other more common factors such as friction against poisonous plant, allergic reaction, improper cloths etc. 

Symptoms of Itchy legs

Itchiness on the legs causes you to scratch; sometimes even harder. The causing condition is not necessarily on the surface of the skin but also possibly within it. It may appear as a localized issue but it is not often. Itchiness creates the reflux of scratch which is why somato-sensory cortex of the brains is made active. This cortex is associated with the tactile stimulation. Hence, a collection of nerve cells may carry the signals of sensation to brain which will trigger the response of scratching. Most common visible symptoms of itchy legs included, red bumps, blisters, rashes and dryness of the skin. 

Itchy legs treatment

In most cases of temporary itching just by gently scratching the area makes you free of the condition. This is not even a matter to be worried about. However, in cases wherein itching lasts for over few hours of few days, experts suggest discontinuing exercises and avoiding tight clothes as it may help. In addition to this taking lukewarm water bath will further alleviate the condition. 

• If you suffer from itchy skin often then avoid exercising in hot and humid weather


• You should surely take shower after exercising and remove the sweat, dirt and oil accumulated on your leg skin


• If your skin appears dry, use moisturizes as it is a proven way of reducing itchiness due to dry skin


• Cloth yourself in lose fitting attires as tight clothes causes itchiness. Prefer cotton clothes which are a better option


• If you buy new clothes or even sports wear wash them before wearing it for the first time 

There are chances that environmental changes may also cause allergies which may lead to itchiness of leg. In some cases depending on the condition causing itchiness, the doctor will administer adrenaline through injection. However, the best way to deal with the condition is to consult a doctor. An expert would thoroughly analyze the condition by physically examining the affected region or even suggesting some tests. The test would confirmedly detect what causes the issue. Depending on the determined causing factor your doctor will prescribe you medicine. If the diagnosis indicates severe infection then you may have to be on drips but such conditions are rare and not often recorded. 

Home remedies of itchy legs

Using home remedies are mostly inexpensive and effective way to treat itchy skin at home. However, it is still recommended to consult a doctor to determine if the condition is severe. Nevertheless, for those who know their itchiness is not something serious and prefer home remedies to deal with it, here are some effective solutions. Note that you should be confirmed that you are not allergic to any of the ingredients mentioned here. 

• Baking Soda

Baking Soda is amongst the common remedies for itchy legs or rather any type of itches. This ingredient has a soothing effect and is blessed with anti-inflammatory properties. Baking soda serves to be a natural neutralizer. You can either mix one cup of baking soda in your bath tub or you can create a paste of baking soda with water and apply it on the affected area. You should avoid using baking soda on broken skin. 

• Oatmeal

Colloidal oatmeal can be used to obtain relieve from itchy skin. This ingredient has avenanthramides which is an antioxidant compound that can have a soothing as well as anti-irritating effect.  You can use it in the same way as suggested for baking soda. However, while adding oatmeal to bath tub you need to double the quantity to two cups. When you apply oatmeal paste to the affected region try to keep it for half an hour at least. 

• Cold Application

It is proven that cold sensation and itching sensation both travels through the same nerves.  This is why it makes sense to say that cold applications may be extremely helpful in suppressing itching sensation and relieving itchiness. You can apply ice directly on the affected skin region. This is one of the easiest and effective ways to obtain relieve from itchiness. You can also make cotton swabs and dip it in cold water then place the swab on the affected region. Alternatively, you can just run the cold water by pouring it in thin stream slowly on the itchy spot. 

These home remedies may be helpful in obtaining relief from the itching sensation. However, as mentioned above, itchy leg may also be a symptom of any underlying condition. Hence, consulting a doctor is perhaps the best option to deal with such itchiness. 

Insect Bite – Identification, Pictures

Insect Bite – Identification, Pictures
Insect bites and stings are common and usually not a matter of concern. Bites often results in redness as well as swelling in the affected region. In some cases sting of insects may lead to life-threatening allergies. Arthropods are amongst the most commonly found species of insects. These insects have 6 legs and are primarily found on land. Considerable number of recorded cases of insect sting or bite is due to these insects. You become prone to insect bites when you stay in area wherein insects are more such as woods, green vegetation, etc. Arthropods also live in old untouched places in the house such as attics, storeroom, basement etc. Even if you visit such place frequently you do not get bitten but an insect only bites when it feels threatened. 

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Types of Insect bites

The types of insect bite depend on the insect which bit you. There are several kinds of bugs and their respective bite causes different symptoms. Some of the types of bites that you may become exposed to include 

• Midges bite


• Mosquito bites


• Gnat bites


• Flea bites


• Horsefly bites


• Bedbug bites


• Blandford bites 

Some common insect stings include

• Wasps sting


• Hornet sting


• Bee sting 

Symptoms of insect bite

The symptoms of insect bite would greatly depend on the type of bite. However, most kinds of bites cause pain as well as swelling which are general symptoms. Redness and itchiness of the affected spot may also be recorded in many cases. After being bitten if you scratch the affected area, you may unintentionally break the skin. If the condition is not treated timely and appropriately, the resulted local infection may turn into a severe one and lead to conditions such as cellulitis. In case you are allergic to stings or bites, you may experience serious reactions slightly further than the affected spot of sting. This condition is referred to as anaphylaxis. In severe cases of reactions symptoms may include wheezing, hives, fainting and even death in around 30 minutes or more.  

If any insect bites or stings you on the tongue then you may suffer from issue such as swollen throat and even death in some cases as the airway becomes obstructed. In rare cases breakdown of muscles, kidney failure etc, are recorded due to bigger hornet stings or stings from the numerous bees. Fire ant bite can lead to pustules which are sores that appear like pimple but are highly itchy in nature. Horseflies generally don’t bite but when they do it proves to be painful and may have other symptoms such as angio-oedema, weakness, drowsiness, urticarial etc. Bite from Blandford fly can lead to signs such as swelling, blisters, increased body temperature and pain in joint. 

Some other serious symptoms include

• Hoarseness


• Breathing difficulties


• Increased heart rate


• Dizziness


• Queasiness and vomiting


• Swelling of face


• Anxiousness and confusion 

Some of these aforementioned symptoms may appear to be mild but in case of insect bite these should be considered serious. You should seek immediate medical attention if you suffer from any of these above listed symptoms. 

Allergic reactions to insect bites

Most often a bite or sting may not cause serious symptoms. However in some cases you are likely to develop allergic reaction due to insect sting. These reactions are classified in three categories. The first category is Minor Localized Reaction wherein the affected region is often painful but is normal and does not need any allergic testing. Large localized reaction is the second category wherein additional symptoms are recorded such as itchiness, rashes and swelling. The third category is Systemic Reaction which may often need immediate medical aid as this kind of reaction can be potentially fatal.

Insect Bite Identification

Unless insects are provoked they do not often bite. In most cases stings or bites by insects are due to defensive reason. Usually insects bite due to fear, to protect their nest or defend beehives. Stings may cause allergic reaction in the victim as it usually releases minute amount of venom which are often composed of protein and other substances. Insects from hymenoptera family which includes fire ants, wasps, bees, etc may often cause serious reaction in people with allergy to insects. These insects have different ways of inflicting injury. During the process of stinging a bee loses its injection apparatus and dies while leaving its sting. A wasp does not lose its apparatus which is why it can sting multiple times. Fire ant as well injects its venom several times. Its way of biting is different as it uses its mandible to bite the surface and then rotates its body. 

Mosquito bites usually do not cause any irritating or considerable illness, unless they pass vectors. Vectors are microorganism that lives in these mosquitos. These vectors may lead to serious issues for example one of the most common health conditions caused due to these vectors include malaria. Lice bite can result in relapsing fever. Sand fly carried Leishmania a protozoa that causes Leishmaniasis. Epidemic of sleeping sickness which was recorded in humans and cattle in Africa was caused due to protozoa from Tsetse flies. Intestinal infection has various causes; unsanitary housefly can also lead to such infections. Apart from these there are various mosquitoes which can cause viral diseases like encephalitis, dengue, etc. Tick bites can cause Lyme disease. In case if you are a victim of chigger bite or mite bite then you may experience localized protrusion and itchiness. Spiders are not considered as insect but when certain kind of spider bites it can lead to serious problems even deterioration of the affected area increasingly. Two commonly feared spider types include Black Widow and Brown Recluse. 

Treatment and self care for insect bite

You should immediately consult your doctor if you experience even mildest symptom caused due to insect bite. The treatment would greatly depend on the type of bite and the symptoms experienced. Your doctor may suggest you antihistamine drugs to deal with itchiness. In case if certain infection is recorded after examination the doctor may also recommend taking antibiotics. But certainly insect bite can be handled easily with doctor’s advice and proper self care.

Insect Bite Pictures

White Spots in Throat

White Spots in Throat
White spots in throat are caused by an infection of your tonsils. Tonsils are located at the back of the throat, and they have a gland-like appearance. Tonsils play a vital part in keeping bacteria out of your body. They do this by capturing any bacteria and viruses that enter through your mouth thereby preventing infection. Tonsils have a pitted appearance, due to small pockets, or divots, known as tonsil crypts. Saliva mixes with the soft tissue that lines the tonsil crypt. A trapped food in the tonsil crypts is broken down by saliva. As the starch and carbohydrates are broken down, they mix with mucus and bacteria. The resultant mix, will over-time, become concentrated, harden, and calcifies to become tonsil stones. The condition is called cryptic tonsils, since the stones form in the crypts of the tonsils. These stones are usually very small in size, but they can become large, with time. If you were to take a flashlight and shine it down your throat, you will see the stones, which appear as white spots. If you suffer from cryptic tonsils, you will always have a feeling like there is something stuck at the back of your throat.

The main causes of tonsil stones, and called tonsiliths are:

• Hyperactive salivary glands


• Oral bacteria


• Mucus deposits


• Trapped food

Symptoms of White spots in throat

• Bad Breathe – Cryptic tonsils cause you to have bad breathe. However, it does not mean that whenever you have bad breathe, you are suffering from cryptic tonsils. If you maintain good oral health, through regular brushing, and using mouth wash, and the rotten egg smell persists, then you may be suffering from the condition. The reason for this is the amount of bacteria that is trapped in the ever-enlarging tonsil stones. The smaller stones will not make a huge difference in your life, but larger stones can cause you a lot of embarrassment and discomfort. If you have ever coughed and emitted a smelly, white stones, then you are suffering from this condition.


• White-yellowish spots or lumps that appear at the back of the throat.


• A tonsil infection may also occur.


• You will develop a sore throat, and find it difficult to swallow.


• You will experience a bad taste at the back of your throat, or the roof of your mouth.


• The tonsils may swell due to inflammation caused by the stones.


• You will develop a serious itch in your ear, which may be accompanies by an ear ache. This is because the stones affect connected nerves.

Most people think that they are the only ones suffering from this condition, and keep quiet about it. They seek remedies for halitosis (Bad Breathe), but the condition persists. There are several ways that you can treat this condition, and these are:

Treating White spots in throat

The treatment of cryptic stones is not difficult, and can be done without medication.  In order to dislodge the stones, you can use organic apple cider, and gurgle 3 or 4 times a day. You may also use two tablespoons of vinegar mixed with warm water. Salt if a natural antiseptic and gurgling a brine solution will help remove the stones.