Causes Of Pilonidal Sinus Disease: Symptoms And Treatment

Causes Of Pilonidal Sinus Disease: Symptoms And Treatment . Pilonidal disease or pilonidal sinus is an acquired condition and seen mostly in adult males. This is hardly seen in females. While sitting the buttocks move and hair broken off by friction and collect in the cleft. When toilet paper is used the hair entangled in fecal matter will also be swept into the cleft.

Such loose hair travel down the inter-gluteal furrow to penetrate the soft and moistened skin at that region or enter the open mouth of a sudoriferous gland. After the initial entry dermatitis and inflammation start around the loose hair and once the sinus is formed, intermittent negative pressure of the area may suck other loose hair in the pit.

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This sinus extends into the sub-cutaneous tissue. Tuft of hair is always seen within such sinus embedded in granulation tissue.

Other places where sinus may be found are:

• Inter-digital cleft of men’s hair-dresser. In this case customer’s hair finds access through the inter-digital cleft.
• Inter-digital web of the foot of a worker in hair mattress factory.
• The axilla (armpits)
• The umbilicus
• Face

Contents consist mainly of:

• Hairs
• Granulation tissue
• Epithelial scales and debris

The hair are usually dead and are found lying loose in the sinus, embedded in the granulation tissue or buried deep in the mature scar tissue at the depth.

Symptoms Of Pilonidal Sinus Disease

• Pilonidal sinus is usually presented by males during third decade.
  
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  It is rarely seen in people over the age of 40 years. It is more common in males than in females in the ratio of approximately 6:1.
• This condition is more often seen in Jeep drivers and so pilonidal sinus is also called as ‘Jeep disease’.
• Patient presents with blood-stained discharge from this sinus. There may be secondary opening on either side of the middle or a little away from the main sinus.
• Pain and tenderness is often associated with due to recurrent infection.

Pilonidal Disease Complications And Treatment

Complications

• Abscess formation
• Recurrent inflammation
• Recurrence of sinus formation
• Very rarely malignant degeneration may occur in this lesion.

Treatment

Pilonidal sinus is excised along with its secondary openings. Such opening is performed after controlling infection. Local cleansing, local anti-septic dressing, administration of broad spectrum antibiotic along with rest should be given to control infection.